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Firewall > QoS Mapping
487
SonicOS Enhanced 4.0 Administrator Guide
Algorithm for Inbound Bandwidth Management
IBWM maintains eight priority rings, where each priority ring has one queue for a rule that has
IBWM enabled. The IBWM pool is processed from the highest to lowest priority ring further
shaping the traffic. IBWM employs three key algorithms:
Ingress Rate Update
This algorithm processes each packet from the WAN and updates the ingress rate of the class
to which it belongs. It also marks the traffic class if it has over utilized the link.
a. Determine that the packet is from the WAN zone and is a firewall packet.
b. Add the packet length to the sum of packet lengths received so far in the current time
slice. Deduct the minimum of (GBW, packet length) from link’s credit.
c. If the sum is greater than the class’s credit, mark the class to be over utilizing the link.
d. If the packet length is greater than the link’s credit, mark the link as well as the class to
be over utilized.
Egress ACK monitor
This algorithm depicts how the egress ACKs are monitored and processed.
a. Determine that the packet is to the WAN zone and is a TCP ACK.
b. If class or interface is marked as over utilizing, queue the packet in the appropriate
ingress rule queue.
Process ACKs
This algorithm is used to update the BW parameters per class according to the amount of BW
usage in the previous time slice. Amount of BW usage is given by the total number of bytes
received for the class in the previous time slice. The algorithm is also used to process the
packets from the ingress module queues according to the available credit for the class.
Credit-Based Processing
A class will be in debt when its BW usage is more than the GBW for a particular time slice. All
the egress ACKs for the class are then queued until the debt is reduced to zero. At each
successive time slice, debt is deducted by GBW and if link BW is left, (MBW – GBW) is also
deducted.
Compute BW usage in the previous time slice:
a. Compute average ingress rate using the amount of BW usage by the class.
b. If the BW usage is more than the class credit, record the difference as debt. If link BW
is left over, deduct (MBW - GBW) from debt.
c. Compute the class and link credit for the current time slice:
• If the class is in debt, deduct GBW from debt and also from link’s credit, indicating
that the class has already used up its GBW for the current time slice.
• If class is not in debt and there are packets arriving for this class, accumulate link
credit; i.e. add GBW to credit at each time slice.
• Class is marked as over utilizing if debt is nonzero.
d. Process packets from ingress pool from highest priority ring to lowest priority ring.
- SonicOS 4.0 Enhanced 1
- Administrator’s Guide 1
- Table of Contents 3
- Introduction 21
- CHAPTER 1 23
- About this Guide 24
- Organization of this Guide 25
- Guide Conventions 27
- SonicWALL Technical Support 28
- Current Documentation 29
- CHAPTER 2 31
- Common Criteria Guide 31
- • GMS Remote Management 32
- • Syslog Logging 32
- • SonicPoint 32
- • Hardware Failover 32
- Related Documents 33
- Common Criteria 34
- CHAPTER 3 35
- Status Bar 41
- Applying Changes 41
- Navigating Tables 42
- Getting Help 43
- Logging Out 43
- CHAPTER 4 47
- Dashboard 47
- Platforms 50
- Administrator Prerequisites 50
- Purchasing Security Services 52
- Related Features 59
- CHAPTER 5 61
- Viewing Status Information 61
- System Messages 62
- Latest Alerts 63
- Security Services 63
- Before You Register 64
- System > Status 65
- Network Interfaces 66
- CHAPTER 6 67
- Managing SonicWALL Licenses 67
- Security Services Summary 68
- System > Licenses 69
- Manual Upgrade 70
- CHAPTER 7 73
- Login Security Settings 74
- System > Administration 75
- Multiple Administrators 76
- Web Management Settings 77
- SSH Management Settings 78
- Advanced Management 78
- Enable GMS Management 80
- Download URL 82
- Selecting UI Language 83
- CHAPTER 8 85
- Managing Certificates 85
- System > Certificates 86
- Certificate Details 87
- Importing Certificates 87
- Deleting a Certificate 89
- Importing a CRL 90
- CHAPTER 9 93
- Configuring Time Settings 93
- NTP Settings 94
- CHAPTER 10 95
- Setting Schedules 95
- System > Schedules 96
- Adding a Schedule 97
- Deleting Schedules 97
- CHAPTER 11 99
- Appliance Firmware 99
- Settings 100
- Firmware Management 100
- Firmware Management Table 101
- Updating Firmware Manually 102
- System Information 103
- System > Settings 104
- CHAPTER 12 105
- Benefits 106
- How Does Packet Capture Work? 106
- Using Packet Capture 107
- System > Packet Capture 108
- Starting packet capture 109
- Stopping packet capture 109
- Viewing the captured packets 109
- Configuring Packet Capture 111
- Configuring General Settings 112
- Configuring Logging Settings 117
- Configuring Advanced Settings 119
- Restarting FTP logging 120
- Related Information 122
- HTML Format 123
- Text File Format 124
- CHAPTER 13 125
- Appliance 125
- Tech Support Report 126
- Diagnostic Tools 126
- Active Connections Monitor 127
- CPU Monitor 128
- DNS Name Lookup 129
- Find Network Path 129
- Packet Capture 130
- System > Diagnostics 131
- Process Monitor 132
- Real-Time Black List Lookup 132
- Reverse Name Resolution 132
- Trace Route 133
- Web Server Monitor 133
- System > Restart 134
- CHAPTER 14 137
- Configuring Interfaces 137
- Setup Wizard 138
- Interface Settings 138
- Interface Traffic Statistics 139
- Interfaces 139
- Physical Interfaces 140
- User-definable Interfaces 140
- Configuring a WAN Interface 147
- Ethernet Settings 149
- Bandwidth Management 149
- NAT Policy Settings 150
- Managing WWAN Connections 153
- Creating a WLAN Subnet 157
- CHAPTER 15 159
- Network > SwitchPorts 160
- Overview 160
- Deployment Details 175
- PortShield Interfaces 176
- Configure the Zones 176
- Chapter 17 178
- CHAPTER 16 181
- Balancing 181
- WAN Probe Monitoring 186
- WAN Load Balancing Statistics 189
- CHAPTER 17 191
- Configuring Zones 191
- How Zones Work 192
- Predefined Zones 193
- Security Types 193
- Allow Interface Trust 194
- The Zone Settings Table 195
- Adding a New Zone 196
- Deleting a Zone 197
- Configuring the WLAN Zone 197
- Network > Zones 198
- CHAPTER 18 201
- Configuring DNS Settings 201
- Network > DNS 202
- CHAPTER 19 203
- Configuring Address Objects 203
- Address Object Groups 204
- Network > Address Objects 205
- Default Address Objects 206
- Default Address Groups 207
- Adding an Address Object 209
- Step 3 Click OK 211
- Public Server Wizard 212
- Assumptions 217
- CHAPTER 20 225
- Configuring Routes 225
- Route Advertisement 226
- Route Policies 227
- Route Policies Table 228
- A Route Policy Example 229
- RIPv1 RIPv2 OSPFv2 230
- Network > Routing 231
- OSPF Terms 233
- Configuring RIP 238
- RIP Modes 239
- Configuring OSPF 240
- OSPFv2 Setting 241
- CHAPTER 21 245
- Configuring NAT Policies 245
- NAT Policies Table 246
- Network > NAT Policies 247
- NAT Policy Settings Explained 248
- NAT Policies Q&A 249
- NAT Load Balancing Overview 250
- NAT LB Mechanisms 251
- Sticky IP Algorithm 253
- Creating NAT Policies 254
- Using NAT Load Balancing 263
- Prerequisites 264
- CHAPTER 22 271
- Managing ARP Traffic 271
- Static ARP Entries 272
- Network > ARP 273
- Flushing the ARP Cache 276
- CHAPTER 23 277
- Setting Up the DHCP Server 277
- DHCP Server Options Overview 278
- Supported Standards 279
- Enabling the DHCP Server 280
- DHCP Server Lease Scopes 280
- General Settings 281
- DNS/WINS Settings 282
- VoIP Settings 283
- Network > DHCP Server 286
- Value field 288
- Generic options always 293
- Click OK 293
- Current DHCP Leases 294
- DHCP Option Numbers 294
- CHAPTER 24 303
- Using IP Helper 303
- IP Helper Policies 304
- Adding an IP Helper Policy 304
- Editing an IP Helper Policy 304
- Deleting IP Helper Policies 304
- CHAPTER 25 305
- Network > Web Proxy 306
- CHAPTER 26 307
- Configuring Dynamic DNS 307
- Network > Dynamic DNS 309
- Dynamic DNS Settings Table 311
- Wireless 313
- CHAPTER 27 315
- Station Status 315
- Wireless Overview 316
- Adjusting the Antennas 317
- MAC Filter List 317
- WiFiSec Enforcement 317
- Wireless > Status 318
- WLAN Settings 319
- WLAN Statistics 320
- WLAN Activities 320
- CHAPTER 28 323
- Configuring Wireless Settings 323
- Wireless Settings 324
- Secure Wireless Bridging 324
- Wireless > Settings 325
- Access Point Configuration 328
- CHAPTER 29 333
- Authentication Overview 334
- WEP Encryption Settings 334
- WEP Encryption Keys 335
- WPA Encryption Settings 335
- WPA-EAP Settings 336
- WPA/WPA2 Encryption Settings 337
- WPA2-EAP Settings 338
- CHAPTER 30 339
- Beaconing & SSID Controls 340
- Antenna 1 Antenna 2 341
- Advanced Radio Settings 342
- Wireless > Advanced 343
- CHAPTER 31 345
- Configuring MAC Filter List 345
- Wireless > MAC Filter List 346
- CHAPTER 32 347
- Configuring Wireless IDS 347
- Access Point IDS 348
- Enable Client Null Probing 348
- Association Flood Detection 348
- Intrusion Detection Settings 349
- Discovered Access Points 349
- Scanning for Access Points 350
- CHAPTER 33 351
- SonicPoint VAP Overview 352
- Wireless Roaming with ESSID 353
- What Is a BSSID? 353
- Benefits of Using Virtual APs 353
- VAP Configuration Overview 354
- Network Zones 354
- The Wireless Zone 355
- Custom Wireless Zone Settings 355
- Guest Services 358
- WLAN Subnets 359
- DHCP Server Scope 360
- General VAP Settings 363
- Advanced VAP Settings 363
- Virtual Access Point Groups 364
- Determining Your VAP Needs 365
- A Sample Network 365
- VAP Configuration Worksheet 366
- CHAPTER 34 371
- Understanding WWAN Failover 373
- Dial on Data WWAN Failover 374
- Manual Dial WWAN Failover 375
- Wireless WAN Prerequisites 376
- Viewing the WWAN Status 377
- Configuring Wireless WAN 377
- Connect on Data 378
- Management/User Login 379
- WWAN Probe Settings 379
- Monitoring WWAN Data Usage 385
- WWAN Glossary 386
- SonicPoint 389
- CHAPTER 35 391
- Managing SonicPoints 391
- • Test SonicPoints 392
- SonicPoint > SonicPoints 393
- Updating SonicPoint Settings 397
- Synchronize SonicPoints 398
- SonicPoint States 399
- CHAPTER 36 401
- Viewing Station Status 401
- CHAPTER 37 405
- Using and Configuring IDS 405
- View Style 407
- SonicPoint > IDS 408
- CHAPTER 38 409
- Configuring RF Monitoring 409
- Why RF Monitoring? 410
- SonicPoint > RF Monitoring 411
- Set the Measurement Interval 412
- Selecting RF Signature Types 412
- Log Data Description 413
- Types of RF Threat Detection 414
- Before Reading this Section 415
- PRO 3060 416
- Sensor - Identifies which 416
- Firewall 419
- CHAPTER 39 421
- Configuring Access Rules 421
- Example Scenario 422
- Configuration Task List 423
- Firewall > Access Rules 424
- Adding Access Rules 426
- Enabling Ping 431
- CHAPTER 40 433
- Detection Prevention 434
- Dynamic Ports 434
- Source Routed Packets 434
- Connections 434
- Access Rule Service Options 435
- Firewall > Advanced 436
- CHAPTER 41 437
- Configuring TCP Settings 437
- TCP Settings 438
- Firewall > TCP Settings 439
- Understanding a TCP Handshake 440
- SYN Flood Protection Methods 440
- Understanding SYN Watchlists 441
- CHAPTER 42 447
- Configuring Firewall Services 447
- Default Services Overview 448
- Supported Protocols 449
- Firewall > Services 450
- Editing Custom Services 453
- Deleting Custom Services 453
- CHAPTER 43 457
- Multicast Snooping 458
- Multicast Policies 458
- IGMP State Table 459
- Firewall > Multicast 460
- CHAPTER 44 463
- Monitoring Active Connections 463
- Viewing Connections 464
- Filtering Connections Viewed 464
- CHAPTER 45 467
- Managing Quality of Service 467
- Conditioning 468
- 802.1p and DSCP QoS 469
- Enabling 802.1p 470
- Firewall > QoS Mapping 471
- DSCP Marking 473
- QoS Mapping 475
- Managing QoS Marking 476
- Declaration Limits 481
- Outbound Bandwidth Management 482
- Maximum Bandwidth Processing 484
- Example of Outbound BWM 485
- Inbound Bandwidth Management 486
- Ingress Rate Update 487
- Egress ACK monitor 487
- Process ACKs 487
- BWM with WAN load balancing 488
- Glossary 489
- CHAPTER 46 493
- Configuring SSL Control 493
- Firewall > SSL Control 494
- Key Features of SSL Control 495
- Key Concepts to SSL Control 496
- Caveats and Advisories 500
- SSL Control Configuration 501
- Enabling SSL Control on Zones 503
- SSL Control Events 504
- CHAPTER 47 509
- Configuring VoIP Support 509
- VoIP Security 510
- VoIP Protocols 511
- SonicWALL’s VoIP Capabilities 512
- VoIP Network 513
- Supported VoIP Protocols 514
- Incoming Calls 517
- Local Calls 518
- Supported Interfaces 520
- Configuration Tasks 520
- General VoIP Configuration 521
- Configuring SIP Settings 522
- Configuring BWM and QoS 523
- Quality of Service 524
- Configuring VoIP Access Rules 525
- VoIP Deployment Scenarios 531
- Using the Public Server 533
- CHAPTER 48 537
- Configuring VPN Policies 537
- VPN Types 538
- IKE version 1 539
- IKE Phase 2 540
- Negotiating SAs in IKE v2 541
- Planning Your VPN 542
- VPN > Settings 543
- On the client 544
- On the Initiator 545
- On the Responder 548
- VPN Policy Wizard 549
- VPN Global Settings 549
- VPN Policies 550
- Viewing VPN Tunnel Statistics 551
- Configuring GroupVPN Policies 552
- Exporting a VPN Client Policy 560
- Step 7 Click the Network tab 564
- Step 15 Click OK 568
- CHAPTER 49 581
- VPN > Advanced 582
- About OCSP 583
- OpenCA OCSP Responder 584
- Using OCSP with VPN Policies 585
- CHAPTER 50 587
- Configuring DHCP Over VPN 587
- VPN > DHCP over VPN 588
- Current DHCP over VPN Leases 591
- CHAPTER 51 593
- Configuring L2TP Server 593
- Configuring the L2TP Server 594
- VPN > L2TP Server 595
- User Management 597
- CHAPTER 52 599
- ,QWHUQHW 601
- 02/ 601
- 7ORKSTATION 601
- 2!$)533ERVER 602
- ,$!03ERVER 603
- LDAP Terms 604
- What Is Single Sign-On? 605
- How Does Single Sign-On Work? 607
- Configuration Modes 611
- User Groups 612
- User Login Settings 615
- User Session Settings 616
- Other Global User Settings 617
- Acceptable Use Policy 617
- Configuring Local Users 618
- Adding Local Users 620
- Configuring Local Groups 621
- Creating a Local Group 623
- Step 6 Click OK 624
- RADIUS Servers 626
- RADIUS Users 626
- RADIUS Users Settings 627
- RADIUS Client Test 630
- Configuring Single Sign-On 641
- Step 7 Click Apply 652
- Step 8 Click OK 652
- Advanced LDAP Configuration 661
- Viewing User Status 669
- Configuring User Settings 669
- Preempting Administrators 672
- Activating Configuration Mode 673
- CHAPTER 53 677
- Accounts 677
- Global Guest Settings 678
- Guest Profiles 678
- Users > Guest Accounts 679
- Adding Guest Accounts 680
- To Generate Multiple Accounts 681
- Enabling Guest Accounts 682
- Users > Guest Status 683
- CHAPTER 54 687
- Managing SonicWALL Security 687
- Services 687
- SonicWALL Security Services 689
- Security Services Settings 690
- Security Services Information 691
- Update Signature Manually 691
- Activating Security Services 693
- CHAPTER 55 695
- Filtering Service 695
- Content Filter Status 696
- Content Filter Type 697
- Restrict Web Features 698
- Trusted Domains 699
- CFS Exclusion List 699
- Custom List 700
- Enable Keyword Blocking 701
- Adding a New Address 702
- N2H2 Properties 703
- URL Cache 704
- Websense Properties 705
- CHAPTER 56 709
- Anti-Virus Policies 712
- Anti-Virus Enforcement 713
- CHAPTER 57 715
- Virus Service 715
- 2EMOTE3ITE'ATEWAY 716
- %NFORCED0ROTECTION 716
- )NTERNAL.ETWORK0ROTECTION 716
- &ILE$OWNLOAD0ROTECTION 716
- $ESKTOPAND3ERVER0ROTECTION 716
- Remote Site Protection 717
- Internal Network Protection 717
- HTTP File Downloads 718
- SonicWALL GAV Architecture 718
- 0ACKET0ATH 719
- Activating FREE TRIALs 723
- Enabling SonicWALL GAV 724
- Step 4 Click OK 725
- Specifying Protocol Filtering 727
- Enabling Inbound Inspection 727
- Restricting File Transfers 728
- Displaying Signatures 732
- Signatures table 733
- CHAPTER 58 735
- SonicWALL IPS Terminology 736
- Enabling SonicWALL IPS 742
- CHAPTER 59 745
- CHAPTER 60 753
- Blacklist 753
- Adding RBL Services 754
- CHAPTER 61 757
- Configuring SonicWALL Global 757
- Security Client 757
- PART 12 763
- CHAPTER 62 765
- Managing Log Events 765
- Log View Table 766
- Clear Log 767
- Export Log 767
- E-mail Log 767
- Filtering Log Records Viewed 767
- Log Event Messages 768
- CHAPTER 63 769
- Configuring Log Categories 769
- Log Priority 770
- Log Categories 771
- Log > Categories 772
- Managing Log Categories 773
- CHAPTER 64 775
- Configuring Syslog Settings 775
- Syslog Settings 776
- Syslog Servers 777
- Log > Syslog 778
- CHAPTER 65 779
- Configuring Log Automation 779
- E-mail Log Automation 780
- Mail Server Settings 780
- CHAPTER 66 781
- Configuring Name Resolution 781
- Specifying the DNS Server 782
- CHAPTER 67 783
- Generating Log Reports 783
- Data Collection 784
- View Data 784
- Bandwidth Usage by IP Address 785
- Bandwidth Usage by Service 785
- Log > Reports 786
- CHAPTER 68 787
- Activating ViewPoint 788
- Enabling ViewPoint Settings 789
- Log > ViewPoint 790
- PART 13 791
- CHAPTER 69 793
- Wizards > Setup Wizard 794
- Start the Setup Wizard 795
- Change Password 796
- Change Time Zone 797
- WAN Network Mode 797
- WAN Network Mode: NAT Enabled 798
- LAN Settings 798
- LAN DHCP Settings 799
- Setup Wizard Complete 800
- WAN Network Mode 802
- LAN Settings 803
- DHCP Settings 803
- DHCP Server 808
- Configuring PPTP Network Mode 810
- Change Time Zone 811
- CHAPTER 70 815
- Close to close the wizard 820
- CHAPTER 71 821
- 6. Click Next 823
- 8. Click Next 823
- • Server Address Objects 824
- • Server NAT Policies 824
- • Server Access Rules 824
- CHAPTER 72 827
- Policy Wizard 827
- Using the VPN Policy Wizard 828
- Wizards > VPN Wizard 829
- Step 9 Click Next 831
- T +1 408.745.9600 843
- SonicWALL, Inc 843
- 1143 Borregas Avenue 843
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